What is new in the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)? Read our lung cancer blog and learn more about the latest advancements in the treatment of NSCLC and SCLC.
Since 2011, when the United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) approved ipilimumab (Yervoy®) for malignant melanoma, several immune-checkpoint inhibitors have been granted marketing authorisation. Do you know all the indications? MediPaper made an overview of all the U.S. FDA approved immune-checkpoint inhibitors and other U.S. FDA approved immunotherapies.
First-line nivolumab-ipilimumab in TMB-high NSCLC with was associated with a more than tripled 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate compared to platinum-based chemotherapy in the Phase III CheckMate 227 trial (NCT02477826).
Frontline pembrolizumab (KeytrudaⓇ) plus standard platinum-based chemotherapy reduces the risk of death by more than 50% in patients with nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) not harbouring EGFR or ALK genetic aberrations, as shown by the Phase III KEYNOTE-189 (NCT02578680).
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®) as single-agent immunotherapy in the frontline setting of any histology NSCLC with a PD-L1 expression ≥1% was associated with improved overall survival (OS) when compared to platinum-doublet chemotherapy in the KEYNOTE-042.
Crizotinib in Asian NSCLC patients with ROS1 alterations was associated with a 71.7% objective response rate (ORR) with a median duration of response (DOR) of 19.7 months (95% CI, 14.1 months - not reached). Learn more about the results with crizotinib in East-Asian non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbouring c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) rearrangements.
The expansion of therapeutic options with immunotherapies will reflect a dramatic change in the guidelines for lung cancer, where immunotherapies mostly compete with the use of chemotherapeutic agents. A brief communication on immunotherapies for NSCLC.
The United States Food and Drug Agency (US FDA) require the development of companion diagnostics (CDx). CDx can help to identify patients at risk and guide patient selection. Moreover, it serves as a marker for treatment outcome. Thus enabling physicians to better balance safety with efficacy. The US FDA motivates the development of a CDx in early stages of clinical studies.
Late breaking abstracts at ESMO 2016 with pembrolizumab are largely in lung cancer. Data includes the phase III Keynote-010, the Keynote-024 study, and a study combining ramucirumab with pembrolizumab in NSCLC will be presented. Furthermore, late breaking abstracts will include data of pembrolizumab in urothelial cancer, the KEYNOTE-052 study.
Avelumab and durvalumab both are PD-L1 targeted antibodies, similar to atezolizumab (Tecentriq™), which was recently approved by the US FDA. Tremelimumab is a CTLA-4 inhibitor, similar to ipilimumab. It is a drug with a long history and also known as CP-675,206 and ticilimumab. The drug has been extensively investigated with mixed results.