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CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
有關疫苗的虛假信息
Medical writer: Dr Siddharth Sridhar | Last updated: 11th January 2021 | In: COVID-19, Infectious Disease, Pneumonia, SARS-CoV2, Vaccines
Article Keywords
2019-nCoV, AZ, AZD1222, BioNTech, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1-nCoV-19, China, corona virus, CoronaVac, COVID-19, Fosun Pharma, Moderna, mRNA-1273, Pfizer, pneumonia, Sinovac, tozinameran, WARS
我最近在YouTube頻道上看到這條在2020年12月17日發佈的視頻(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYCwCOGCu9A&feature=youtu.be),聲稱說明有關COVID-19疫苗的功效和風險。該視頻的內容非常不準確且具有誤導性。 令我震驚的是,該視頻已吸引了超過三十萬觀看者,其中有幾位評論者表示同意偽科學。
視頻裡的講者提出了多項主張,我對此進行了事實核查:
1.他聲稱SARS-CoV-2的棘突蛋白可通過與人類細胞上的EGFR結合而直接導致肺纖維化(永久組織變硬)。這就是他認為COVID-19引起肺炎的方式。
事實核查:這是不正確的。大多數COVID-19患者沒有發展成永久性肺纖維化,只有少數患者由於嚴重的肺損傷才會。肺纖維化是任何嚴重肺炎的潛在後果,而不僅僅是COVID-19。纖維化是組織受到損傷後形成的一種疤痕,它不受病毒尖刺控制,而是源自人體修復的過程。具體而言,沒有證據表明尖刺有“甲基轉移酶”的作用。他引用的“ NSP16”是功能完全不同的基因產物。
2.他指出製藥公司“不敢”製作滅活病毒疫苗,因為它們仍然會引起疾病。
事實核查:幾間公司和大學正在研究SARS-CoV-2滅活病毒疫苗。而疫苗還未可應用的原因,僅僅是因為“弱化”病毒和驗證弱化效果的過程需要花費很多時間,因此無法迅速推出。 我相信在未來幾年內試用滅活病毒疫苗。
3.他特別指出,mRNA疫苗不能抵禦COVID-19,因為它們會刺激生產一種稱為IgG的抗體。他提出了怪異的說法,就是IgG不能抵禦COVID-19,因為它存在於血液而不是肺中。
事實核查:完全是錯誤的。當該視頻發佈到YouTube時,輝瑞和Moderna研發的疫苗試驗結果已經發佈,這無疑證明了疫苗的有效預防率達九成以上。這意味著,與未接種疫苗的人士相比,接種疫苗的人士患上COVID-19的可能性降低了百份之九十以上。IgG可以預防COVID-19,因為在我們需要預防COVID-19的肺部深處的肺泡上皮液中也發現了IgG。另外,他認為產生IgA的吸入性疫苗是一種有吸引力的選擇也算是正確,並且多個機構(包括香港大學)都在積極研發這類疫苗,但毫無疑問,目前已獲批的疫苗可有效抵抗COVID-19。他要麼不知道,要麼就是故意無視mRNA疫苗的第三期隨機對照試驗的結果。
4.最危險的是他接著提出的另一種說法,即因為mRNA能進入腎臟和肝臟而其疫苗可引致多器官纖維化。
事實核查:這是絕對沒有任何理論或事實依據。實際上,注射mRNA疫苗後會在我們的身體中表達少量尖刺蛋白,及後便會迅速降解,而所產生的尖刺蛋白便足以激發強大的免疫反應,僅此而已。而且,不論是mRNA或是尖刺蛋白均未發現積聚在器官內。另外,這也揭穿他於上述第1點有關尖刺蛋白直接導致纖維化的假說。
5.最後,他介紹了許多可能對抗COVID-19有用的營養補品
事實核查:零證據。 他提到的“對接”是一種基於計算機的靈活模擬方法,用於查看某些分子是否可以與SARS-CoV-2蛋白產生相互作用。除非有可靠的臨床前和臨床試驗證據來支持,否則會產生很多關於“對接”的發現而不能得到證實。
這是有關疫苗的一種最危險和有害的虛假信息,似乎是由受過某些科學訓練的人寫下的偽科學。對於不熟悉課題的觀眾來說,很難區分事實和捏造。對我們每個人來說,應避免於自己家庭的Whatsapp群組和Facebook時間線上發佈這種虛假信息,是十分重要的。
堅持核實事實,祝周末愉快!
Disclaimer
This article is not medical advice. Patients should seek personal assessment by a licenced specialist. Physicians are recommended to read the full publication(s) as cited in the article before making medical decisions. This article does not supersede nor replace the published article(s).
© Copyright 2020 MediPaper Medical Communications Ltd. – 有關疫苗的虛假信息
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© Copyright 2020 MediPaper Medical Communications Ltd. – 有關疫苗的虛假信息
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