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By: Kirsty LEE | Last updated: 1st February 2021 | In: Breast Cancer, Chemotherapy, Endocrine Therapy, Oncology, Radiology, Targeted Therapies, Translational Research
Article Keywords
AACR, aromatase inhibitor, atezolizumab, BRCA, carboplatin, CEF-T, circulating tumour cell, CTC, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel, endocrine therapy, epirubicin, ER-positive, ERBB2, eribulin, fluorouracil, gimeracil, HER2, HER2-negative, HER2-positive, HR-positive, indoximod, JAMA, JCO, Ki67, Lancet Oncology, margetuximab, NEJM, oteracil, paclitaxel, palbociclib, pCR, pembrolizumab, pertuzumab, POAI, S-1, SABCS, tegafur, TNBC, trastuzumab, veliparib
With the San Antonio Breast Cancer Conference (SABCS) 2020 by AACR just completed, several new and clinical relevant phase 2 and phase 3 have been published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, Clinical Cancer Research, New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Clinical Oncology, and Lancet Oncology.
[‘mediPr] provides you with an overview.
Efficacy of Margetuximab vs Trastuzumab in Patients With Pretreated ERBB2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: A Phase 3 Randomised Clinical Trial
Hope S Rugo et al.
SOPHIA trial by Rugo et al. found statistically significant improved PFS with margetuximab plus chemotherapy compared with trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in ERBB2-positive ABC after progression on 2 or more prior anti-ERBB2 therapies. The trial was a phase 3 randomised open-label trial that enrolled 536 patients, with sequential primary endpoints of PFS and OS.
NCT02492711Â Â Â Â PMID: 33480963Â Â Â DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.7932
Palbociclib with adjuvant endocrine therapy in early breast cancer (PALLAS): interim analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study
Erica L Mayer et al.
PALLAS trial by Mayer et al. found adjuvant palbociclib for 2 years did not improve invasive DFS compared with adjuvant endocrine therapy alone in patients with stage II-III histologically confirmed HR+, HER2- breast cancer. The trial is an ongoing, multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial enrolling 5760 patients, with a primary endpoint of invasive DFS in the ITT population.
NCT02513394Â Â Â Â PMID: 33460574Â Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30642-2
Adjuvant S-1 plus endocrine therapy for oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, primary breast cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
Masakazu Toi et al.
Toi et al. conducted a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled phase 3 trial in patients with stage I to IIIB invasive breast cancer, comparing standard adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without 1 year of S-1. The S-1 group had significantly improved invasive DFS, suggesting the combination could be a potential treatment option for intermediate and high-risk ER+, HER2- patients.
Fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection plus chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer (FeDeriCa): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 study
Antoinette R Tan et al.
FeDeriCa trial by Tan et al. found the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab as subcutaneous injection was non-inferior to intravenous administration in the neoadjuvant setting, in terms of cycle 7 pertuzumab serum trough concentrations. The trial was a randomised, open-label, multicentre non-inferiority phase 3 trial enrolling 252 patients to receive either intravenous pertuzumab and trastuzumab, or the subcutaneous fixed-dose combination of the two. Primary endpoint was non-inferiority of the cycle 7 pertuzumab serum trough concentration.
NCT03493854Â Â Â Â PMID: 33357420Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30536-2
Long-term outcome and prognostic value of Ki67 after perioperative endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women with hormone-sensitive early breast cancer (POETIC): an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, phase 3 trial
Ian Smith et al.
The POETIC trial by Smith et al. found POAI therapy did not improve treatment outcome but can be used to select appropriate adjuvant therapy based on Ki67. The trial was an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised phase 3 trial enrolling 4480 postmenopausal women to receive either POAI for 14 days preceding and following surgery, or no POAI. The primary endpoint was time to recurrence, and secondary endpoint was association between Ki67 and disease outcome.
NCT02338310Â Â Â Â PMID: 33152284Â Â Â Â PMC: PMC7606901Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30458-7
Internal mammary and medial supraclavicular lymph node chain irradiation in stage I-III breast cancer (EORTC 22922/10925): 15-year results of a randomised, phase 3 trial
Philip M Poortmans
The 15-year analysis of EORTC 22922/10925 by Poortmans et al. found IM-MS irradiation in stage I-III breast cancer led to significant reduction in breast cancer mortality and any breast cancer recurrence, but did not translate to improved OS. The trial was a randomised, phase 3 trial enrolling 4004 patients to receive either IM-MS irradiation or no IM-MS radiation, with a primary endpoint of overall survival.
NCT00002851Â Â Â Â PMID: 33152277Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30472-1
Effect of Taxane Chemotherapy With or Without Indoximod in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Veronica Mariotti et al.
A phase 2, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial by Mariotti et al. found the addition of indoximod to a taxane did not improve PFS compared with a taxane alone in ERBB2-negative MBC. The trial randomised 169 patients, with a primary endpoint of PFS and secondary endpoints of median OS, ORR, and safety.
NCT01792050Â Â Â Â PMID: 33151286Â Â Â Â PMC: PMC7645745Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.5572
Efficacy of Circulating Tumor Cell Count-Driven vs Clinician-Driven First-line Therapy Choice in Hormone Receptor-Positive, ERBB2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: The STIC CTC Randomised Clinical Trial
François-Clément Bidard et al.
The STIC CTC trial by Bidard et al. found CTC count may be a reliable biomarker for choosing between chemotherapy and endocrine therapy as first-line treatment in HR+, ERBB2- MBC. The trial enrolled 755 patients randomised to either CTC arm where chemotherapy or endocrine therapy was chosen according to CTC count (chemotherapy if ≥5CTCs/7.5 mL; endocrine therapy if <5 CTCs/7.5 mL), or control arm, where treatment choice was investigator-chosen, with a primary endpoint of investigator-assessed PFS. NCT01710605    PMID: 33151266    PMC: PMC7645742    DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.5660
Trastuzumab emtansine plus atezolizumab versus trastuzumab emtansine plus placebo in previously treated, HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (KATE2): a phase 2, multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial
Leisha A Emens et al.
KATE2 trial by Emens et al. found addition of atezolizumab to trastuzumab emtansine did not lead to clinical improvement in PFS and was associated with more adverse events. The trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial enrolling 202 patients with HER2+ ABC, with a primary endpoint of investigator-assessed PFS in the ITT population.
NCT02924883Â Â Â Â PMID: 33002436Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30465-4
Effect of Eribulin With or Without Pembrolizumab on Progression-Free Survival for Patients With Hormone Receptor-Positive, ERBB2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Sara M Tolaney et al.
A multicentre, randomised, phase 2 clinical trial by Tolaney et al. found the addition of pembrolizumab to eribulin did not improve PFS, OS, or ORR compared with eribulin alone in patients with HR+, ERBB2- MBC who had received 2 or more lines of hormonal therapy and 0-2 lines of chemotherapy. The trial enrolled 88 patients who were randomised 1:1, with a primary endpoint of PFS, and secondary endpoints of OS and ORR.
NCT03051659Â Â Â Â PMID: 32880602Â Â Â Â PMC: PMC7489368Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.3524
Veliparib with carboplatin and paclitaxel in BRCA-mutated advanced breast cancer (BROCADE3): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Véronique Diéras et al.
BROCADE3 trial by Diéras et al. found the addition of veliparib to a platinum doublet resulted in significant and durable PFS improvements in ABC patients with germline BRCA mutations. The trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial enrolling 513 patients randomised 2:1 to carboplatin and paclitaxel combined with veliparib, or matching placebo. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS.
NCT02163694Â Â Â Â PMID: 32861273Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30447-2
Effect of Adjuvant Paclitaxel and Carboplatin on Survival in Women With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Phase 3 Randomised Clinical Trial
Ke-Da Yu et al.
PATTERN trial by Yu et al. found that paclitaxel plus carboplatin regimen as an alternative adjuvant chemotherapy choice was effective in patients with operable TNBC. The phase 3 randomised trial compared 6 cycles of paclitaxel plus carboplatin with the standard-dose regimen of 3 cycles of CEF-T in 647 patients, with a primary endpoint of DFS.
NCT01216111Â Â Â Â PMID: 32789480Â Â Â Â PMC: PMC7426881Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2965
Association of Event-Free and Distant Recurrence-Free Survival With Individual-Level Pathologic Complete Response in Neoadjuvant Treatment of Stages 2 and 3 Breast Cancer: Three-Year Follow-up Analysis for the I-SPY2 Adaptively Randomised Clinical Trial
Douglas Yee et al.
Three-year follow up of the I-SPY2 trial by Yee et al. found achieving pCR after neoadjuvant therapy implies an 80% reduction in recurrence rate that is regardless of treatment regimen or subtype. The trial was a multicentre neoadjuvant platform phase 2 trial enrolling 950 patients who were randomised to one of several different investigational regimens or control therapy within molecular subtypes, to evaluate the association of pCR with EFS and distant recurrence-free survival.
NCT01042379Â Â Â Â PMID: 32701140Â Â Â Â PMC: PMC7378873Â Â Â Â DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2535
Abbreviations:
ABC, advanced breast cancer; CEF-T, cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, fluorouracil, docetaxel; CTC, circulating tumour cell; DFS, disease-free survival; EFS, event-free survival; ER+, oestrogen receptor positive; ERBB2+ / HER2+, human epidermal growth factor receptor positive; ERBB2- / HER2-, human epidermal growth factor receptor negative; HR+, hormone receptor positive; IM-MS, internal mammary and medial supraclavicular; ITT, intention-to-treat; MBC, metastatic breast cancer; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; pCR, pathologic complete response; PFS, progression-free survival; POAI, preoperative and postoperative aromatase inhibitor; S-1, Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil; TNBC, triple negative breast cancer
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Disclaimer
This article is not medical advice. Patients should seek personal assessment by a licenced specialist. Physicians are recommended to read the full publication(s) as cited in the article before making medical decisions. This article does not supersede nor replace the published article(s).
© Copyright 2021 MediPaper Medical Communications Ltd. – Breast cancer update January 2021
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T-DM1 FDA approved for early breast cancer
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Olaparib (Lynparza) FDA approved as maintenance for BRCAm ovarian cancer
Trastuzumab-biosimilar Herzuma® FDA approved in HER2+ breast cancer
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Gilteritinib (Xospata®) FDA approved for relapsed or refractory AML harbouring FLT3 mutations
TKR inhibitor larotrectinib (Vitrakvi®) FDA approved for cancers with NTRK gene fusion
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Glasdegib plus low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) approved in elderly AML patients
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Emapalumab FDA approved in adult and paediatric patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®) plus chemotherapy approved for several CD30 expressing lymphomas
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Pembrolizumab FDA approved in hepatocellular carcinoma patients pretreated with sorafenib
Lorlatinib FDA approved for metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC
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PARPi talazoparib FDA approved for deleterious gBRCAm HER2‑negative breast cancer
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IMpower133: first-line atezolizumab plus chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer
Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy effective in squamous NSCLC
Ipilimumab plus nivolumab for persistent or recurrent ovarian cancer
Brigatinib prolongs PFS compared to crizotinib in ALK-Positive NSCLC
CAR-T axicabtagene ciloleucel granted Orphan Drug designation for B-Cell Lymphoma by the Japan MHLW
PD-1 mAB cemiplimab FDA approved for locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC)
JAVELIN Lung 200: avelumab vs docetaxel for pretreated NSCLC
Dacomitinib FDA approved for the first-line treatment of metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC
Duvelisib FDA approved for adult patients with R/R CLL or SLL
Duvelisib FDA approved for adult patients with R/R follicular lymphoma
Frontline atezolizumab plus chemotherapy improves PFS in NSCLC
First-line osimertinib vs EGFR-TKI in Asian patients with advanced NSCLC
Early breast cancer treatment in China remains conservative
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Prof Stefan Kasper on I-O in EXTREME-ineligible SCCHN
Camrelizumab anti-PD-1 with or without chemotherapy for NPC
Moxetumomab pasudotox-tdfk FDA approved for hairy cell leukaemia
I-O in Special Populations: the Treatment of Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis
Venetoclax FDA label updated to include Minimal Residual Disease negativity data
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Talazoparib in advanced breast cancer patients with a germline BRCA1/2 mutation
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Lenvatinib FDA approved for 1st-line treatment of HCC
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Filgrastim-aafi FDA approved as Filgrastim Biosimilar
Ribociclib FDA label updated to include pre- and perimenopausal women
Enzalutamide FDA approved for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)
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